In later years, Indian archeologists have discovered many new monuments of this monumental culture. These have given rise to new theories on to the origin of the civilization. The emergence of urban life and the appearance of large urban settlements provided the new landmark heralding the birth of the mature civilization with all its distinctive characteristics like the seals, the art of writing and original pottery decoration.

Much still remain to be clarified and elaborated in connection with the origins of the Indus Valley Culture. However, the theories which link the emergence of that civilization with outside influence such as the Aryan or Sumerian are now only of interest for the historiographer, according to eminent historians themselves.